Mona Backer’s Equivalence

1.       Equivalence at Word Level

Source Language	Target Language
Prince	Pangeran
Loud	Keras
Sagged	Melesak
Wake	Membangunkan
Shiny	Bercahaya

2.    Equivalence above Word Level

Source Language	Target Language
Building up	Melukiskan
Sunbeam	Cahaya Matahari
Tree-limbs	Ranting
Sweep off	Membuka
Gulped	Megap-megap

3.    Grammatical Equivalence

Source Language	Target Language
Glistened	Berkilau
Killed	Mematikan
Turned	Mengubah
Followed	Mengikuti
Suffered	Menderita

4.    Textual Equivalence

Source Language	Target Language
It was mighty dark out there, black as ink.	Di sana gelap gulita, sehitam tinta.
My scalp jumped. Uncle Jack was a prince of a fellow not let me down.	Kulit kepalaku melompat. Paman Jack adalah pangeran yang tidak pernah mengecewakanku.
I think he would have a fine surprise, but his face killed my joy.	Kusangka dia akan terkejut, tetapi wajahnya mematikan keceriaanku.
Ground, sky, and houses melted into a mad palette, my ears trobbed, I was suffocating.	Bumi, langit dan rumah meleleh menjadi palet warna liar, telingaku berdenyut, nafasku sesak.
John looked at him as if he were a three-logged chicken or a square egg.	John memandang Ewell seolah-olah dia adalah seekor ayam berkaki tiga atau telur segiempat.

5.    Pragmatic Equivalence

Source Language	Target Language
Bam-bam-bam	Buk-buk-buk
Punk-punk-punk	pang-pang-pang
Pink-pink-pink	Ting-ting-ting
Boom	Duar
Hay-e-hay-e-hay-ey	Hei-i-hei-i-hai-i

Tintrin Prameswati/2211412061

DATA OF TRANSLATION UNIT

Unit	Source Text	Target Text
Word	1. Slop	1. Lumpur
	2. Saged	2. Melesak
	3. Sidewalk	3. Trotoar
	4. Druthers	4. Pilihan
	5. Anything	5. Apapun
	6. Trying	6. Mencoba
	7. Unsuccessfully	7. Tanpa hasil
	8. Understood	8. Memahami
	9. Teasing	9. Menggoda
	10. Dropped	10. Merendah
Phrase	1. Get along	1. Tercukupi
	2. Get Miss Maudie’s goat	2. Membuat Miss. Maudie kesal
	3. An acid tongue in her head	3. Lidahnya tajam
	4. Sort of Like	4. Seperti
	5. Look like trash	5. Kelihatan seperti sampah
	6. Black as ink	6. Si hitam tinta
	7. His face killed my joy	7. Wajahnya mematikan keceriaan
	8. Fist-fight	8. Adu tinju
	9. Bowed to the inevitable	9. tidak ikut campur
	10. Stood as much guff	10. Omong kosong
Sentence	1. The alarm clock was the signal for our release.	1. Jam beker adalah tanda kebebasan kami.
	2. I tried to climbing into Jem’s skin and walk arround in it.	2. Aku mencoba menempatkan diriku dalam posisi Jem dan menyelami perasaannya.
	3. I was a ham.	3. Aku jadi daging asap.
	4. Uncle Jack was a prince of a fellow not late me down.	4. Paman Jack adalah pangeran yang tidak pernah mengecewakanku.
	5. Her hand was wide as a bed slat and twice hard.	5. Tangannya selebar rangka tempat tidur dan dua kali lebih besar.
	6. It  tasted like cotton.	6. Rasanya seperti kapas.
	7. His voice was like the winter wind.	7. Suaranya seperti angin musim dingin.
	8. She looked and smelled like a peppermint drop.	8. Penempilan dan wanginya seperti permen peppermint.
	9. My hearth sank.	9. Hatiku melesak.
	10. We followed his finger with sinking hearts.	10.Kami mengikuti jarinya dengan hati tenggelam.

Name    : Tintrin Prameswati

NIM       : 2211412061

Example of Pragmatic Translation

Example of Aesthetic-Poetic Translation

I hate it!

BY: YINS N HEART

I hate it!
Your love is like a dagger to stab,
Pierced my heart,
Yield destroy my soul,
Poisoned my brain,
myfeel randomize,
waduwww…. Sick!
My chest again you pierced!

I hate it!
Longing in my heart just punishment throughout the life ….
waduwww…. Sick!
You are a barbarian player,
Damn you desire!
Until all the bone and blood flow,
I hate it!

TERJEMAHAN DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA:

Aku benci!

Aku benci!

Tertidur dan terlelap,

Retak, tinggal puing jiwa

Aku benci!

Cintamu bagai belati yang menikam,

Menusuk jantungku,

Menghancurkan luluh jiwaku,

Meracuni otakku,

Mengacak rasaku,

Aduhhhh sakit,

Dadaku lagi-lagi kau tikam!

Aku benci!

Rindu di hatiku hanya siksa sepanjang nyawa….

Aduhhhh sakit,

Kau adalah pemain biadab,

Terkutuk kau nafsu!

Sampai seluruh tulang dan darahku yang mengalir,

Aku benci!

I hate it!
Asleep and sleep,
Cracked, live debris soul

Example of Ethnographic Translation

Example of Linguistic Translation:

apps use two kinds of memory: internal strorage and RAM. They use internal strorage for themselves and any files, settings, and other data they use. They also use RAM (Memory Designed for temporary stirage and fast access) when they're running.

Terjemahan dalam bahasa Indonesia:

Aplikasi menggunakan dua jenis memori: penyimpanan internal dan RAM. Ponsel menggunakan penyimpanan yang internal untuk pomsel sendiri dan setiap bekas, pengaturan dan data lain yang ponsel gunakan. Ponsel juga menggunakan RAM (Memori yang dirancang untuk penyimpanan sementara dan akses cepat) ketika ponsel sedang berjalan.

Idiom, Simile, Metaphora

Idiom

Idioms are figurative phrases that are commonly used. Unlike similes and metaphors, there are no rules that define them, other than being figurative. You use idioms all the time without even noticing them.

Here are some idiom examples:

-          Can’t make heads or tails of something
Arti: Tidak dapat mengerti sesuatu sama sekali, menganggap sesuatu membingungkan dan tidak logis

-           An eager beaver
Arti: Orang yang selalu mau jadi relawan atau melakukan pekerjaan tambahan

-           Get a kick out of something
Arti: Merasa lucu dengan sesuatu

-           Give someone a hand
Arti: Membantu seseorang

-          Hit the books
Arti: Belajar

-           Keep one’s chin up
Arti: Tetap berani dan percaya diri dalam situasi yang sulit; jangan putus asa atau khawatir terlalu banyak.

-          Low blow
Arti: Kecewa berat

-           Make a mountain out of a molehill
Arti: Melebih-lebihkan sebuah masalah

-          Not on your life!
Arti: Sama sekali tidak!

-          Over my head
Arti: Terlalu sulit atau rumit untuk dimengerti

Simile

Similes are comparisons between two unlike things using the word “like” or “as.” a simile connection is not the equivalent of an equal sign. Instead, it is meant to highlight a similarity and suggest that one thing is like another. This connect is an open, simple one. Examples of simile:

My young brother runs As free as a bird : Adikku lari sebebas burung.

The color of my new dress as blue as the sky : Warna baju baruku seperti birunya langit.

He eats a cake as greedy as a dog : Dia makan kue serakus anjing).

The road to Pacitan as lonely as the dawn : Jalan menuju Pacitan sesunyi fajar.

The weather today as sparkling as the dewy grass : Cuaca hari ini secerah rumput berembun.

Metaphora

Metaphor is a figure of speech which makes an implicit, implied or hidden comparison between two things or objects that are poles apart from each other but have some characteristics common between them. In other words, a resemblance of two contradictory or different objects is made based on a single or some common characteristics.

Example:

My brother was boiling mad. (This implies he was too angry.)

The assignment was a breeze. (This implies that the assignment was not difficult.)

It is going to be clear skies from now on. (This implies that clear skies are not a threat and life is going to be without hardships)

The skies of his future began to darken. (Darkness is a threat; therefore, this implies that the coming times are going to be hard for him.)

Her voice is music to his ears. (This implies that her voice makes him feel happy)

 Tintrin Prameswati 

2211412061 

Procedures of Translation according to Newmark (1988b)

Procedure of Translation	Meaning	Example
Transference	The  process of transferring an SL word to a TL text.	For example: Ngabuburit, an activity done to wait the magrib time.
Naturalization	Adapts  the SL word first to the normal pronunciation, then to the normal morphology of the TL. (Newmark, 1988b:82)	performance (English) performant (Germany) - estate (English) estat (Indonesia) - police (English) polis (Malaysian)
Cultural equivalent	Replacing  a cultural word in the SL with a TL one. however, “they are not accurate” (Newmark, 1988b:83)	-   Baccalauriai  (the French) : A level -   Abitur (MatUTa) (the German/Austrian) : A  level -   Palais Bourbon (the French) : Westminster -   Montecitorio (the Italian)  : Westminster -   Charcuterie  :  delicatessen (now English deli ) -   Notaire:  Solicitor -   Le  cyclisme : cricket baseball -    Tea  break : cafe-pause -   Carte  a identity : car licence -  eagle : Garuda
Functional equivalent	Requires  the use of a culture-neutral word. (Newmark1988b:83)	The eagle will fly and track preys sleeping in their house.   ( elang akan terbang dan melacak mangsa tidur di sarang)
Descriptive equivalent	The  meaning of the CBT is explained in several words. (Newmark, 1988b:83)	Samurai: the Japanese aristocracy from the eleventh to the nineteenth century; its function was to provide officers and administrators
Componential analysis	Comparing  an SL word with a TL word which has a similar meaning but is not an obvious one-to-one equivalent, by demonstrating first their common and then their differing sense components.” (Newmark, 1988b:114 )	Boy = [+ male], [– mature] (anak laki- laki = +laki- laki, - dewasa)
Synonymy	Near  TL equivalent. (Newmark, 1988b:84)	-        personne gentille : kind person -        conte piquant : racy story -         awkward or fussy : difficile -        puny effort  : effort faible.
Through-translation	The  literal translation of common collocations, names of organizations and components of compounds. (Newmark, 1988b:84)	Columbia University = Universitas Columbia
Transpositions	Involves  a change in the grammar from SL to TL (Newmark, 1988b:86)	My fellow citizens. ( Rekan- rekan sebangsa dan setanah air).
Modulation	The  translator reproduces the message of the original text in the TL text in conformity with the current norms of the TL, since the SL and the TL may appear dissimilar in terms of perspective. (Newmark, 1988b:88)	-     For example, “It isn’t expensive” is translated to be It’s cheap.
Recognized translation	The  translator “normally uses the official or the generally accepted translation of any institutional term.” (Newmark, 1988b:89)	Hand phone ( hand phone)
Compensation	Loss  of meaning in one part of a sentence is compensated in another part. (Newmark, 1988b:90)	Tsu : “ Me?” exclaimed Mrs . Albert Forrester , for the first time in her life regardless of grammar . Tsa : “ Apaan?” teriak Ny . Albert Forrester , untuk pertama kali dalam hidupnya lupa pada tata bahasa
Paraphrase	The  explanation is much more detailed than that of descriptive equivalent. (Newmark, 1988b:91)	Family Poaceae. (The Poaceae (also called Gramineae or true grasses) are a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants).
Couplets	Translator  combines two different procedures. (Newmark, 1988b:91)	My mom bought me a new computer and hard disk. (Ibukku membelikanku sebuah komputer baru dan hard disk).
Notes	Additional  information in a translation. (Newmark, 1988b:91)	By  translating Hemingway’s ‘at Handley V by dans le bar Handley, in der Handley .